Examination of certain aspects of the water in Kirkuk City

Authors

  • Azhaar A. Ali Department of Laser and Spectroscopy, Laser and Photonics Center, University of Al-Hamdaniya
  • Zubaida Kh. Elias Department of Laser and Spectroscopy, Laser and Photonics Center, University of Al-Hamdaniya
  • Rafal N. Abdallah Department of Laser and Spectroscopy, Laser and Photonics Center, University of Al-Hamdaniya

Keywords:

Water characteristics, temperature and pH levels, electrical conductivity, total dissolved salts, drinking water quality in the Kirkuk Governorate

Abstract

The study assessed several aspects aof the Kirkuk Governorate's drinking water.  The acidity function, temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, roughness, total dissolved salts, and sodium chloride salt were among the attributes that were assessed.  Studies and research have demonstrated that any increase in the levels of these aforementioned requirements causes a variety of illnesses, such as kidney and digestive irregularities and, on occasion, a number of cancerous diseases. According to the findings, the highest temperature and pH concentration was recorded in November in the Chardaghli and Quriya regions, the highest values for total dissolved salts, hardness, and electrical conductivity were recorded in December, and the highest degree of turbidity was recorded in January in the Chardaghli and Malla Abdullah regions, while the lowest levels were found in the Al-Musalla and Malla Abdullah regions. The findings also showed that the standard concentrations were higher than those set by the drinking water criteria for Iraq and the rest of the world.

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Published

2025-12-01

How to Cite

A. Ali, A., Kh. Elias, Z., & N. Abdallah, R. (2025). Examination of certain aspects of the water in Kirkuk City. Al-Dalmaj Bulletin of Natural Science, 1(2), 28–41. Retrieved from https://dbns.qu.edu.iq/index.php/dbns/article/view/26

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Articles